To understand all the Linux-USB framework, you'll use these resources: * This source code. This is necessarily an evolving work, and includes kerneldoc that should help you get a current overview. ("make pdfdocs", and then look at "usb.pdf" for host side and "gadget.pdf" for peripheral side.) Also, Documentation/usb has more information. * The USB 2.0 specification (from www.usb.org), with supplements such as those for USB OTG and the various device classes. The USB specification has a good overview chapter, and USB peripherals conform to the widely known "Chapter 9". * Chip specifications for USB controllers. Examples include host controllers (on PCs, servers, and more); peripheral controllers (in devices with Linux firmware, like printers or cell phones); and hard-wired peripherals like Ethernet adapters. * Specifications for other protocols implemented by USB peripheral functions. Some are vendor-specific; others are vendor-neutral but just standardized outside of the www.usb.org team. Here is a list of what each subdirectory here is, and what is contained in them. core/ - This is for the core USB host code, including the usbfs files and the hub class driver ("hub_wq"). host/ - This is for USB host controller drivers. This includes UHCI, OHCI, EHCI, and others that might be used with more specialized "embedded" systems. gadget/ - This is for USB peripheral controller drivers and the various gadget drivers which talk to them. Individual USB driver directories. A new driver should be added to the first subdirectory in the list below that it fits into. image/ - This is for still image drivers, like scanners or digital cameras. ../input/ - This is for any driver that uses the input subsystem, like keyboard, mice, touchscreens, tablets, etc. ../media/ - This is for multimedia drivers, like video cameras, radios, and any other drivers that talk to the v4l subsystem. ../net/ - This is for network drivers. serial/ - This is for USB to serial drivers. storage/ - This is for USB mass-storage drivers. class/ - This is for all USB device drivers that do not fit into any of the above categories, and work for a range of USB Class specified devices. misc/ - This is for all USB device drivers that do not fit into any of the above categories. ue='search'/> </form> </td></tr></table> <div class='content'><div class='cgit-panel'><b>diff options</b><form method='get'><input type='hidden' name='id' value='a12f1ae61c489076a9aeb90bddca7722bf330df3'/><table><tr><td colspan='2'/></tr><tr><td class='label'>context:</td><td class='ctrl'><select name='context' onchange='this.form.submit();'><option value='1'>1</option><option value='2'>2</option><option value='3' selected='selected'>3</option><option value='4'>4</option><option value='5'>5</option><option value='6'>6</option><option value='7'>7</option><option value='8'>8</option><option value='9'>9</option><option value='10'>10</option><option value='15'>15</option><option value='20'>20</option><option value='25'>25</option><option value='30'>30</option><option value='35'>35</option><option value='40'>40</option></select></td></tr><tr><td class='label'>space:</td><td class='ctrl'><select name='ignorews' onchange='this.form.submit();'><option value='0' selected='selected'>include</option><option value='1'>ignore</option></select></td></tr><tr><td class='label'>mode:</td><td class='ctrl'><select name='dt' onchange='this.form.submit();'><option value='0' selected='selected'>unified</option><option value='1'>ssdiff</option><option value='2'>stat only</option></select></td></tr><tr><td/><td class='ctrl'><noscript><input type='submit' value='reload'/></noscript></td></tr></table></form></div><table summary='commit info' class='commit-info'> <tr><th>author</th><td>Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com></td><td class='right'>2016-12-13 12:09:56 -0800</td></tr> <tr><th>committer</th><td>Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk></td><td class='right'>2017-01-14 19:31:40 -0500</td></tr> <tr><th>commit</th><td colspan='2' class='oid'><a href='/cgit.cgi/linux/net-next.git/commit/?id=a12f1ae61c489076a9aeb90bddca7722bf330df3'>a12f1ae61c489076a9aeb90bddca7722bf330df3</a> (<a href='/cgit.cgi/linux/net-next.git/patch/?id=a12f1ae61c489076a9aeb90bddca7722bf330df3'>patch</a>)</td></tr> <tr><th>tree</th><td colspan='2' class='oid'><a href='/cgit.cgi/linux/net-next.git/tree/?id=a12f1ae61c489076a9aeb90bddca7722bf330df3'>f668d867106a93a488811f6e9902e5fbcca29abc</a></td></tr> <tr><th>parent</th><td colspan='2' class='oid'><a href='/cgit.cgi/linux/net-next.git/commit/?id=497de07d89c1410d76a15bec2bb41f24a2a89f31'>497de07d89c1410d76a15bec2bb41f24a2a89f31</a> (<a href='/cgit.cgi/linux/net-next.git/diff/?id=a12f1ae61c489076a9aeb90bddca7722bf330df3&id2=497de07d89c1410d76a15bec2bb41f24a2a89f31'>diff</a>)</td></tr></table> <div class='commit-subject'>aio: fix lock dep warning</div><div class='commit-msg'>lockdep reports a warnning. file_start_write/file_end_write only acquire/release the lock for regular files. So checking the files in aio side too. [ 453.532141] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 453.533011] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 1298 at ../kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3514 lock_release+0x434/0x670 [ 453.533011] DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(depth <= 0) [ 453.533011] Modules linked in: [ 453.533011] CPU: 1 PID: 1298 Comm: fio Not tainted 4.9.0+ #964 [ 453.533011] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.9.0-1.fc24 04/01/2014 [ 453.533011] ffff8803a24b7a70 ffffffff8196cffb ffff8803a24b7ae8 0000000000000000 [ 453.533011] ffff8803a24b7ab8 ffffffff81091ee1 ffff8803a5dba700 00000dba00000008 [ 453.533011] ffffed0074496f59 ffff8803a5dbaf54 ffff8803ae0f8488 fffffffffffffdef [ 453.533011] Call Trace: [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff8196cffb>] dump_stack+0x67/0x9c [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff81091ee1>] __warn+0x111/0x130 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff81091f97>] warn_slowpath_fmt+0x97/0xb0 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff81091f00>] ? __warn+0x130/0x130 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff8191b789>] ? blk_finish_plug+0x29/0x60 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff811205d4>] lock_release+0x434/0x670 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff8198af94>] ? import_single_range+0xd4/0x110 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff81322195>] ? rw_verify_area+0x65/0x140 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff813aa696>] ? aio_write+0x1f6/0x280 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff813aa6c9>] aio_write+0x229/0x280 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff813aa4a0>] ? aio_complete+0x640/0x640 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff8111df20>] ? debug_check_no_locks_freed+0x1a0/0x1a0 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff8114793a>] ? debug_lockdep_rcu_enabled.part.2+0x1a/0x30 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff81147985>] ? debug_lockdep_rcu_enabled+0x35/0x40 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff812a92be>] ? __might_fault+0x7e/0xf0 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff813ac9bc>] do_io_submit+0x94c/0xb10 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff813ac2ae>] ? do_io_submit+0x23e/0xb10 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff813ac070>] ? SyS_io_destroy+0x270/0x270 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff8111d7b3>] ? mark_held_locks+0x23/0xc0 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff8100201a>] ? trace_hardirqs_on_thunk+0x1a/0x1c [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff813acb90>] SyS_io_submit+0x10/0x20 [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff824f96aa>] entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x18/0xad [ 453.533011] [<ffffffff81119190>] ? trace_hardirqs_off_caller+0xc0/0x110 [ 453.533011] ---[ end trace b2fbe664d1cc0082 ]--- Cc: Dmitry Monakhov <dmonakhov@openvz.org> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de> Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> </div><div class='diffstat-header'><a href='/cgit.cgi/linux/net-next.git/diff/?id=a12f1ae61c489076a9aeb90bddca7722bf330df3'>Diffstat</a></div><table summary='diffstat' class='diffstat'>