diff options
| author | Tobias Klauser <tklauser@distanz.ch> | 2008-01-27 11:37:44 +0100 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Tobias Klauser <tklauser@xenon.tklauser.home> | 2008-01-27 11:37:44 +0100 |
| commit | 7e0f021a9aec35fd8e6725e87e3313b101d26f5e (patch) | |
| tree | b1cacc4b24393f517aeb4610e9e1021f954307a8 /reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX | |
Initial import (2.0.2-6)2.0.2-6
Diffstat (limited to 'reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX')
20 files changed, 1801 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile.am b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile.am new file mode 100644 index 0000000..28d46b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile.am @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +EXTRA_DIST = $(wildcard *.html) $(wildcard *.htm) $(wildcard *.gif) +docs_DATA = $(EXTRA_DIST) + +docsdir = $(kde_htmldir)/en/kdevelop/$(subdir) + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile.in b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile.in new file mode 100644 index 0000000..29bb8a9 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile.in @@ -0,0 +1,410 @@ +# KDE tags expanded automatically by am_edit - $Revision: 1.2 $ +# Makefile.in generated automatically by automake 1.5 from Makefile.am. + +# Copyright 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001 +# Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# This Makefile.in is free software; the Free Software Foundation +# gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it, +# with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved. + +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, +# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law; without +# even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A +# PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + +@SET_MAKE@ + +SHELL = @SHELL@ + +srcdir = @srcdir@ +top_srcdir = @top_srcdir@ +VPATH = @srcdir@ +prefix = @prefix@ +exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@ + +bindir = @bindir@ +sbindir = @sbindir@ +libexecdir = @libexecdir@ +datadir = @datadir@ +sysconfdir = @sysconfdir@ +sharedstatedir = @sharedstatedir@ +localstatedir = @localstatedir@ +libdir = @libdir@ +infodir = @infodir@ +mandir = @mandir@ +includedir = @includedir@ +oldincludedir = /usr/include +pkgdatadir = $(datadir)/@PACKAGE@ +pkglibdir = $(libdir)/@PACKAGE@ +pkgincludedir = $(includedir)/@PACKAGE@ +top_builddir = ../../.. + +ACLOCAL = @ACLOCAL@ +AUTOCONF = @AUTOCONF@ +AUTOMAKE = @AUTOMAKE@ +AUTOHEADER = @AUTOHEADER@ + +INSTALL = @INSTALL@ +INSTALL_PROGRAM = @INSTALL_PROGRAM@ +INSTALL_DATA = 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cd $(top_srcdir) && \ + $(AUTOMAKE) --gnu reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile + cd $(top_srcdir) && perl admin/am_edit reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Makefile.in + + +#>+ 2 +final: + $(MAKE) all-am +#>+ 2 +final-install: + $(MAKE) install-am +#>+ 2 +no-final: + $(MAKE) all-am +#>+ 2 +no-final-install: + $(MAKE) install-am +#>+ 3 +cvs-clean: + $(MAKE) -f $(top_srcdir)/admin/Makefile.common cvs-clean + +#>+ 3 +kde-rpo-clean: + -rm -f *.rpo diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Master.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Master.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b12bf5 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/Master.html @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +<html> +<head> +<title></title> +</head> + +<body bgcolor="#cccccc" text="brown"> + +<hr> +<h1> +<center>C++ Syntax</center> +</h1> + +<hr> + +Text goes here. + + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html"> Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html"> Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html"> C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm"> Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<address>Martin Leslie +</address> +<p> +</font> +</body> +</html> diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/bool.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/bool.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..14c2ffe --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/bool.html @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +<html> +<head> +<title>bool keyword (datatype)</title> +</head> + +<body bgcolor="#cccccc"> +<font color="brown"> + +<hr> +<h1> +<center>bool keyword (datatype)</center> +</h1> + +<hr> +<b>bool</b> is new to C++. It is not available in all versions +of the compiler as it is a recent addition. + +<p> +<font color=black> +The original datatypes fount in C are +<a href="../../C/CONCEPT/data_types.html">here</a> +</font> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html"> Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html"> Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html"> C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm"> Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<address>Martin Leslie +</address> +<p> +</font> +</body> +</html> diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/class.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/class.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..45ec2af --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/class.html @@ -0,0 +1,185 @@ +<title>CLASS keyword</title> +<!-- Changed by: Martin Leslie, 14-Mar-1996 --> +<body bgcolor=#dddddd> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>class keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The concept of a class +allows you to +<a href=../../C/glossary.html#encapsulation>encapsulate</a> + a set of related variables and only +allow access to them via predetermined functions. +<p> + +The <b>class</b> keyword is used to declare the group of variables +and functions and the visability of the variables and functions. +Here is a basic example. + +<p> +<center> +<table width="80%" border="1" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + class String + { + public: + + void Set(char *InputStr) // Declare an Access function + { + strcpy(Str, InputStr); + } + + private: + + char Str[80]; // Declare a hidden variable. + + }; +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + +<ul> +<li><b>private:</b> means that all variables and functions that + follow are only visable from within the class. + +<li><b>public:</b> all functions and variables that follow this + statement can be accessed from outside the class. +</ul> + +Now we have declared a class called <b>String</b> we need to +use it. +<p> +<center> +<table width="80%" border="1" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + main() + { + String Title; + + Title.Set("My First Masterpiece."); + } +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + +This code creates a String +<a href=../../C/glossary.html#class_object>object</a> +called Title and then uses the <b>Set</b> member function +to initialise the value of <b>Str</b>. +<p> +In C++ the member function <b>Set</b> is also known as a +<a href=../../C/glossary.html#method>method</a> +<p> +This is the strength +of object oriented programming, the ONLY way to change +<b>Str</b> is via the <b>Set</b> method. + +<p> + +The final code example brings the last two examples together +ands a new method (called Get) that shows the contents of +<b>Str</b> + +<p> +<center> +<table width="80%" border="1" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + #include <stdlib.h> + #include <iostream.h> // Instead of stdio.h + + class String + { + public: + + void Set(char *InputStr) // Declare an Access function + { + strcpy(Str, InputStr); + } + <b> + char *Get(void) // Declare an Access function + { + return(Str); + } + </b> + + private: + + char Str[80]; // Declare a hidden variable. + + }; + + main() + { + String Title; + + Title.Set("My First Masterpiece."); + + <b>cout << Title.Get() << endl;</b> + } +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + + +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif"> +<a href="../EXAMPLES/class1.cc">Example program.</a> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> + +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif"> +<a href="../CONCEPT/constructor.html">Constructors and destructors.</a> +<p> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif"> +<a href="../CONCEPT/inheritance.html">Class Inheritance.</a> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width=80% bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +08-Feb-96</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/comment.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/comment.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b085c90 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/comment.html @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +<head> +<title>C++ Comments.</title> +</head> +<body bgcolor=#dddddd> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center> +<h1>C++ Comments.</h1> +</center> +<hr> +<p> +C++ allows <b>//</b> as an inline comment, it can be used on any line and is +delimited by the newline character (return). +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + main() + { + int Counter = 0; // Initalise Counter. + + /* Start the main processing here. */ + } + +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +A handy feature of the new comments is the ability to nest them within the +old style comments. +<p> +This provides a handy debugging tool. If you write your normal comments +using the <b>//</b> syntax, you can then comment out blocks of code while +debugging with <b> /* */</b> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<hr> +<h2>C comments</h3> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif"> +<a href="../../C/SYNTAX/comments.html">/* ... */ comments</a> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + + +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +30-Jan-96</address> +</font> diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/const.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/const.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8c28d35 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/const.html @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +<title>const keyword</title> + +<head> +<script language="JavaScript" src="../../JAVASCRIPT/standard.js"> +</script> +</head> + +<body bgcolor="#dddddd"> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>const keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +In the C++ world, the use of <b>const</b> is considered to be an +improvement over <a href=../../C/SYNTAX/preprocessors.html>#define</a> +in general the usual +<a href="../../C/SYNTAX/const.html">C programming rules</a> apply. +There is one exception within a class, this is because the class syntax +does not allow the assignment of a variable when it is declared. The result +is a rather strange looking syntax. Please see the example below. +<p> + +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../EXAMPLES/const1.cc">Example program.</a> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../../C/SYNTAX/const.html">C version of const.</a> +<br> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../../C/CONCEPT/constants.html">Theory of constants.</a> +<p> + +<script> +tail("27-Sep-98"); +</script> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/delete.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/delete.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..224c487 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/delete.html @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +<title>DELETE keyword</title> +<!-- Changed by: Martin Leslie, 14-Mar-1996 --> +<body bgcolor="#dddddd"> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>DELETE keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The <b>delete</b> keyword replaces the +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/free.html">free</a> +function in C and will release storage reserved with +<a href="new.html">new</a>. + +<p> +<center> +<table bgcolor=ivory width="80%" border=1> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + int *ptr1; // Declare a pointer to int. + ptr1 = new int; // Reserve storage and point to it. + + float *ptr2 = new float; // Do it all in one statement. + + <b>delete</b> ptr1; // Free the storage. + <b>delete</b> ptr2; + + struct House // Declare a complex structure. + { + int Floors; + int Windows; + }; + + House *ptr3 = new House; // Reserve storage and point to it. + + <b>delete</b> ptr3; +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + +Blocks or arrays of storage can also be freed as shown in the +next example. + +<p> +<center> +<table bgcolor=ivory width="80%" border=1> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + char *ptr + ptr = new char[80]; + + <b>delete</b> [] ptr; // Free the storage. +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + + +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="..//EXAMPLES/new.cc">Example program.</a> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="new.html">new</a> keyword. + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/malloc.html">malloc</a> function. + +<p> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/free.html">free</a> function. +</font> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +17-Feb-96</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/enum.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/enum.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0f48a16 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/enum.html @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+ <TITLE>ENUM keyword</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+
+<BODY BGCOLOR="#DDDDDD">
+
+<HR>
+<CENTER>
+<H1>
+<FONT COLOR="#A52A2A">C++ changes to ENUM.</FONT>
+</H1>
+</CENTER>
+
+<HR>
+
+<P><FONT COLOR="#A52A2A">In the C++ world, the rules applying to
+<B>enum</B> have been altered.
+
+<ul>
+<li>Definitions no longer require the enum prefix or a
+<a href=../../C/SYNTAX/typedef.html>typedef</a> fudge.
+</ul>
+<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=0 COLS=1 WIDTH="80%" BGCOLOR="ivory" >
+<TR>
+<TD>
+<pre>
+
+ main ()
+ {
+ enum Currancy = {STERLING, DOLLAR, RUPEE};
+
+ enum Currancy GreenBack = DOLLAR; // Valid in C and C++
+ Currancy Pounds = STERLING; // Valid in C++ only.
+
+ }
+</pre>
+</TD>
+</TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+
+
+<UL>
+<LI>
+<FONT COLOR="#A52A2A">An <B>enum</B> is no longer considered to be an int
+datatype. Because it has its own datatype you can not perform normal arithmatic
+apon <B>enum</B> variables. The following program is now invalid.</FONT></LI>
+</UL>
+<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=0 COLS=1 WIDTH="80%" BGCOLOR="ivory" >
+<TR>
+<TD>
+<pre>
+
+ main ()
+ {
+ enum Currancy = {STERLING, DOLLAR, RUPEE};
+
+ Currancy Pounds = STERLING;
+
+ Pounds = 2; // Invalid Statement.
+
+ Pounds++; // Invalid Statement.
+ }
+</pre>
+</TD>
+</TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<P>
+<HR>
+<H2>
+<FONT COLOR="#A52A2A">Examples:</FONT></H2>
+<IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif" ALT="o" ><FONT COLOR="#A52A2A"> <A HREF="../EXAMPLES/enum1.cc">Example
+program.</A> </FONT>
+<HR>
+<H2>
+<FONT COLOR="#A52A2A">See Also:</FONT></H2>
+
+<HR>
+<H2>
+<FONT COLOR="#000000">C References</FONT></H2>
+<IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o"><FONT COLOR="#000000"> <A HREF="../../C/SYNTAX/enum.html">C
+version of <B>enum</B>.</A></FONT>
+
+<P>
+<hr>
+<center>
+<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory">
+<tr align=center>
+<td width="25%">
+<a href="../cref.html">Top</a>
+</td><td width="25%">
+<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a>
+</td><td width="25%">
+<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a>
+</td><td width="25%">
+<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+</center>
+<p>
+<hr>
+<font color=brown>
+<address>Martin Leslie
+25-Oct-98</address><p>
+
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/friend.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/friend.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..40262bf --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/friend.html @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +<title>FRIEND keyword</title> +<!-- Changed by: Martin Leslie, 14-Mar-1996 --> +<body bgcolor="#dddddd"> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>friend keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The <b>friend</b> keyword +<p> + +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +08-Dec-96</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/inline.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/inline.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6f136dd --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/inline.html @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +<title>INLINE keyword</title> +<!-- Changed by: Martin Leslie, 14-Mar-1996 --> +<body bgcolor="#dddddd"> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>INLINE keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The <b>inline</b> keyword allows C++ programmers to dispence macros created with the +<a href="../../C/SYNTAX/macros.html">#define</a> preprocessor. +<p> + +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../EXAMPLES/inline.cc">Example program.</a> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../../C/SYNTAX/macros.html">macros</a>. + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +17-Feb-96</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/keywords.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/keywords.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c3ac3c0 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/keywords.html @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en"> +<html> +<head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"> + <meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.5 [en] (X11; I; Linux 2.0.36 i586) [Netscape]"> + <title>C++ keywords.</title> +</head> +<body text="#A52A2A" bgcolor="#CCCCCC" ,> + +<hr> +<center> +<h1> +C++ keywords.</h1></center> + +<hr>Some of the keywords on C have new meanings or have been overloaded +in the world of C++, the following list shows the keywords that have changed. +<center><table BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=5 BGCOLOR="#FFFFF0" > +<tr ALIGN=CENTER> +<td><a href="struct.html">struct</a></td> + +<td><a href="static.htm">static</a></td> + +<td><a href="const.html">const</a></td> + +<td><a href="enum.html">enum</a></td> +</tr> +</table></center> + +<p> +<hr>The following list shows the keywords that have been added to C++. +<center><table BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=5 BGCOLOR="#FFFFF0" > +<tr ALIGN=CENTER> +<td><a href="bool.html">bool</a></td> + +<td><a href="throw.html">catch</a></td> + +<td><a href="class.html">class</a></td> + +<td><a href="delete.html">delete</a></td> + +<td><a href="friend.html">friend</a></td> + +<td><a href="inline.html">inline</a></td> +</tr> + +<tr ALIGN=CENTER> +<td><a href="new.html">new</a></td> + +<td><a href="namespace.html">namespace</a></td> + +<td><a href="operator.html">operator</a></td> + +<td>private </td> + +<td>protected </td> + +<td>public </td> +</tr> + +<tr ALIGN=CENTER> +<td>tempate </td> + +<td>this </td> + +<td><a href="throw.html">throw </a></td> + +<td><a href="throw.html">try </a></td> + +<td>template </td> +</tr> +</table></center> + +<p> +<hr><font color="#000000">The base C keywords are <a href="../../C/SYNTAX/keywords.html">here</a></font> +<hr> +<center><table BORDER=2 WIDTH="80%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFF0" > +<tr ALIGN=CENTER> +<td WIDTH="25%"><a href="../cref.html">Top</a></td> + +<td WIDTH="25%"><a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a></td> + +<td WIDTH="25%"><a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a></td> + +<td WIDTH="25%"><a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a></td> +</tr> +</table></center> + +<p> +<hr> +<address> +Martin Leslie 08-Dec-96</address> + +</body> +</html> diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/namespace.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/namespace.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a4536d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/namespace.html @@ -0,0 +1,45 @@ +<title>NAMESPACE keyword</title> +<body bgcolor=#cccccc> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>namespace keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The <b>namespace</b> keyword is a new addition to C++. Not all +compilers support the <b>namespace</b> features. As my compiler +does not support is feature, I am unable to document it at this time :-( +<p> + +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width=80% bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width=25%> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +08-Aug-97</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/new.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/new.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bd077fd --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/new.html @@ -0,0 +1,125 @@ +<title>NEW operator</title> +<!-- Changed by: Martin Leslie, 14-Mar-1996 --> +<body bgcolor="#dddddd"> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>NEW operator.</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The <b>new</b> operator replaces the +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/malloc.html">malloc</a> +function provided in C to reserve storage taken from the heap. +<p> +The <b>new</b> operator requires one operand that describes the +type of data to be stored in the memory. Here are some examples. +<p> +<center> +<table bgcolor=ivory width="80%" border=1> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + int *ptr1; // Declare a pointer to int. + ptr1 = new int; // Reserve storage and point to it. + + float *ptr2 = new float; // Do it all in one statement. + + delete ptr1; // Free the storage. + delete ptr2; + + struct House // Declare a complex structure. + { + int Floors; + int Windows; + }; + + House *ptr3 = new House; // Reserve storage and point to it. + + delete ptr3; +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + +Blocks or arrays of storage can also be reserved as show in the +next example. + +<p> +<center> +<table bgcolor=ivory width="80%" border=1> +<tr> +<td> +<pre> + + char *ptr + ptr = new char[80]; + + delete [] ptr; // Free the storage. +</pre> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + + + +Although <b>new</b> and +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/malloc.html">malloc</a> +can be intermixed in the same code, it is probably best +to continue using +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/malloc.html">malloc</a> +in existing code and <b>new</b> in new code. This is because +you can not use +<a href="delete.html">delete</a> with storage thats been +reserved with malloc and visa versa. If you keep to one +method or the other you are less likely to make a mistake. +<p> +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif"> +<a href="../EXAMPLES/new.cc">Example program.</a> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif"> +<a href="delete.html">delete</a> keyword. + +</font> +<hr> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/malloc.html">malloc</a> function. + +<p> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/free.html">free</a> function. +</font> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +17-Feb-96</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/operator.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/operator.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1ce4153 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/operator.html @@ -0,0 +1,44 @@ +<title>INLINE keyword</title> +<!-- Changed by: Martin Leslie, 14-Mar-1996 --> +<body bgcolor=#dddddd> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>operator keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The <b>operator</b> keyword +<p> + +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +08-Dec-96</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/ops.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/ops.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8cf8d04 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/ops.html @@ -0,0 +1,69 @@ +<head> +<title>C++ Operators</title> +</head> + +<body bgcolor=#dddddd> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>C++ Operators</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The following operators have been introducedor overloaded within C++. +<p> +<pre> + :: <a href=../CONCEPT/scope.html>Scope.</a> Identifies a global variable. + << Insertion. + >> Extraction. + + Apparantly <b>new</b> and <b>delete</b> are operators, not keywords. + + <a href=../SYNTAX/new.html>new</a> Dynamc allocation operator + <a href=../SYNTAX/delete.html>delete</a> Free memory. + +</pre> + +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<!--- +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../EXAMPLES/operator.cc">Example program.</a> +---> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<a href="../../C/CONCEPT/expressions.html">Base operators offered by C</a> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<font color=brown> +<address>Martin Leslie +<script language="JavaScript"> +<!-- // +document.write(document.lastModified); +// --> +</script> +</address><p> +</font> + diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/static.htm b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/static.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a3be440 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/static.htm @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + +<head> +<title>static keyword</title> +</head> + +<body bgcolor="#cccccc"> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<center><h1>static keyword</h1></center> +<hr> +<p> +The <b>static</b> keyword has been extended in C++ to have the +following meanings. +<p> + +<table bgcolor="ivory" border=2> +<th>C++ Context</th> +<th>Action</th> +<tr> +<td> +A variable outside of a function. +</td> +<td> +Variable can be seen by all functions in the file. Default. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +Variable inside a function. +</td> +<td> +The variable is permanent. The variable can only be initalised +once and only one copy of the variable exists. Recursive calls +use the same variable. +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +A class member variable +</td> +<td> +Only one copy of the variable exists. All instances of the object +use the same variable (memory location). +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +A class member function (method). +</td> +<td> +Function can only access static members of the class +</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p> + +<hr> +<a href="../../C/SYNTAX/storage_class.html#static">Here is the way static works in C</a> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + +</font> +<font color=black> +<h2>C References</h2> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html">Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> + +<hr> +<address>Martin Leslie +08-Dec-96</address> diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/struct.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/struct.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..57df58a --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/struct.html @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ +<html> +<head> +<title>STRUCT keyword</title> +</head> + +<body> +<font color=brown> +<hr> +<h1> +<center>struct keyword in C++</center> +</h1> +<hr> + +<p> +The <b>struct</b> keyword was introduced in 'C', its original functionality +is documented +<a href=../../C/SYNTAX/struct.html>here.</a> +<p> + +C++ has added two new features to structures. +<ol> +<li>The syntax has been improved slightly so you no longer have to + mess around with <a href=../../C/SYNTAX/typedef.html>typedef</a> statements. + + <p> + <center> + <table border=1 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> + <tr><td align=center> + <h3>ANSI C approch to structures.</h3> + </tr></td> + <tr><td> + <pre> + + typedef struct Person {int age; char *name} Person_t; + + struct Person FirstMan; + Person_t SecondMan; + </pre> + </td></tr></table> + <p> + + <p> + <table border=1 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> + <tr><td align=center> + <h3>C++ structures.</h3> + </tr></td> + <tr><td> + <pre> + + struct Person {int age; char *name}; + + Person FirstMan; + Person SecondMan; + </pre> + </td></tr></table> + </center> + <p> + +<li>C++ also took the original idea of structures and added the ability to + associate functions with the data within the structure. This feature + was wrapped up with the introduction of the + <a href="class.html">class</a> keyword. +</ol> +<p> +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif"> +<a href="../EXAMPLES/struct1.cc">Example program.</a> +<p> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</a> +<br> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" alt="o"> +<a href="../../C/SYNTAX/keywords.html">C Keywords</a> +<p> + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html"> Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html"> Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html"> C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm"> Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<address>Martin Leslie +12 Nov 98</address><p> +</font> +</body> +</html> diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/syntax.htm b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/syntax.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1d934a5 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/syntax.htm @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+ <TITLE>C++ Syntax</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+
+<CENTER>
+
+<hr>
+<H1>
+C++ Syntax</H1></CENTER>
+
+<HR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../../C/SYNTAX/keywords.html">C
+Keywords</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="comment.html">C++ Comments.</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="ops.html">C++ Operators.</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../CONCEPT/cast.html">C++ Cast</A>
+
+<h3>Function Enhancements in C++</h3>
+
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../CONCEPT/funcoverload.html">Function Overloading</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../CONCEPT/fundefault.html">Default Parameters values.</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../CONCEPT/reference_variable.html">Reference variables.</A>
+
+<h3>Object Oriented features within C++</h3>
+
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../SYNTAX/class.html"> class statement</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../CONCEPT/constructor.html"> Constructors and Destructors.</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../SYNTAX/inline.html"> Inline methods.</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../CONCEPT/inheritance.html"> Inheritance</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../SYNTAX/friend.html"> Friends of classes.</A>
+<BR><IMG SRC="../../GRAPHICS/whiteball.gif" ALT="o" > <A HREF="../SYNTAX/operator.html"> Operator Ovrloading.</A>
+
+<p>
+<HR>
+<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=2 WIDTH="80%" BGCOLOR="#FFFFF0" >
+<TR ALIGN=CENTER>
+<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="../cref.html">Top</A> </TD>
+
+<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="../../C/master_index.html">Master Index</A> </TD>
+
+<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="keywords.html">C++ Keywords</A> </TD>
+
+<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm">Functions</A> </TD>
+</TR>
+</TABLE></CENTER>
+
+<HR WIDTH="100%">
+<BR><ADDRESS>
+Martin Leslie
+<script language="JavaScript">
+<!-- //
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diff --git a/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/throw.html b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/throw.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d541374 --- /dev/null +++ b/reference/CPLUSPLUS/SYNTAX/throw.html @@ -0,0 +1,50 @@ +<html> +<head> +<title>catch, throw and try keywords.</title> +</head> + +<body bgcolor="#cccccc" text="brown"> + +<hr> +<h1> +<center>catch, throw and try keywords.</center> +</h1> + +<hr> + +Text goes here. + +<hr> +<h2>Examples:</h2> +<img src="../../GRAPHICS/computer.gif"> +<a href="../EXAMPLES/throw.cc">A quick example.</a> +<hr> +<h2>See Also:</h2> +<hr> + + +<hr> +<p> +<center> +<table border=2 width="80%" bgcolor="ivory"> +<tr align=center> +<td width="25%"> +<a href="../cref.html"> Top</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/master_index.html"> Master Index</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="keywords.html"> C++ Keywords</a> +</td><td width="25%"> +<a href="../../C/FUNCTIONS/funcref.htm"> Functions</a> +</td> +</tr> +</table> +</center> +<p> +<hr> +<address>Martin Leslie +</address> +<p> +</font> +</body> +</html> |